THE U.S GOVERNMENTS TOXICOLOGY REPORTS
FOR CHLORINE AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE
CHLORINE (SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE)How can chlorine affect my health? The effect of chlorine on human health depends on how much chlorine is present, how you are exposed to it, and the length of exposure. Short-term exposure to chlorine in air The following effects have been observed in humans briefly exposed to chlorine: mild nose irritation at 1â€"3 ppm Long-term exposure to chlorine in air No significant harmful health effects were observed in workers exposed for years to relatively low concentrations of chlorine (around 1 ppm). The tissues inside the nose were principally affected in animals exposed to chlorine for longer durations. Short-term exposure to hypochlorite solution by ingestion Drinking small amounts of hypochlorite solution (less than a cup) can produce irritation of the esophagus. Drinking concentrated hypochlorite solution can produce severe damage to the upper digestive tract and even death. These effects are most likely caused by the caustic nature of the hypochlorite solution and not from exposure to molecular chlorine. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=36 |
CAUSTIC SODA (SODIUM HYDROXIDE) How can sodium hydroxide affect my health? Ingestion of solid or liquid sodium hydroxide can cause spontaneous vomiting, chest and abdominal pain, and difficulty swallowing. Corrosive injury to the mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach is very rapid and may result in perforation, hemorrhage, and narrowing of the gastrointestinal tract. Case reports indicate that death results from shock, infection of the corroded tissues, lung damage, or loss of measurable pulse. Skin contact with sodium hydroxide can cause severe burns with deep ulcerations. Pain and irritation are evident within 3 minutes, but contact with dilute solutions may not cause symptoms for several hours. Contact with the eye may produce pain and irritation, and in severe cases, clouding of the eye and blindness. Long-term exposure to sodium hydroxide in the air may lead to ulceration of the nasal passages and chronic skin irritation Where can I get more information? http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=45 |
For more information, contact: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |
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